Schedule

Note this schedule is subject to change. Please check this page frequently.

Important the required readings must be completed before the class. Paper reviews should be submitted by 12pm before the class.

Date Topic Readings Presenter Assignment
W1 Tue 08/26 Course Intro
  1. Rise of Worse Is Better, Gabriel, "Lisp: Good News, Bad News, How to Win Big", 1989
Additional Reading
Reviews not required; Lab 1 released
Thu 08/28 Historical Perspective
  1. The Structure of the 'THE'-Multiprogramming System, Dijkstra, SOSP, 1967
  2. The Nucleus of a Multiprogramming System, Hansen, CACM, 1970
Questions

THE

  • Q: Dijkstra explicitly states their goals for the THE operating system. How do these goals compare to, say, Microsoft's goals for the Windows operating system? Why do we no longer build operating systems with the same goals as THE?

Nucleus

  • Q: How does synchronization in the RC 4000 system compare with synchronization in the THE system?

 Reviews not required
W2 Tue 09/02 Time-Sharing
  1. Structure of the Multics Supervisor, Vyssotsky, Corbató, and Graham, Fall Joint Computer Conference, 1965
  2. The UNIX Time-Sharing System, Ritchie and Thompson, CACM, 1974
Additional Reading
Questions

Multics

  • Q: How does the virtual memory design of Multics compare to that of modern operating systems in terms of similarities and differences?

UNIX

  • Q: What aspects of Unix as described in the 1974 paper do not survive today, or have been considerably changed?
Thu 09/04 OS Structure
  1. Plan 9 From Bell Labs, Pike, Presotto, Dorward, Flandrena, Thompson, Trickey, and Winterbottom, USENIX Computing Systems, 1995
  2. Mach: A New Kernel Foundation For UNIX Development, Accetta, Baron, Bolosky, Golub, Rashid, Tevanian, and Young, USENIX, 1986
Questions

Plan 9

  • Q: What does it mean, "9P is really the core of the system; it is fair to say that the Plan 9 kernel is primarily a 9P multiplexer"?

Mach

  • Q: How do Mach's goals and its "port" abstractions compare with RC 4000's?
W3 Tue 09/09 OS Structure
  1. On μ-Kernel Construction, Liedtke, SOSP, 1995
  2. The Performance of μ-Kernel-Based Systems, Härtig, Hohmuth, Liedtke, Schönberg, and Wolter, SOSP, 1997
Additional Reading
Questions

L4

  • Q: Compare and contrast the L4 microkernel with the RC 4000 (Nucleus) in terms of their goals to provide a basis on which higher level OS functionality can be implemented.
Thu 09/11 OS Structure
  1. Exokernel: An Operating System Architecture for Application-Level Resource Management, Engler, Kaashoek, and O'Toole, SOSP, 1995
  2. Rethinking the Library OS from the Top Down, Porter, Boyd-Wickizer, Howell, Olinsky, and Hunt, ASPLOS, 2011
Additional Reading
Questions

Exokernel

  • Q: Compare and contrast an exokernel with a microkernel.

Drawbridge

  • Q: How does Drawbridge differ with Exokernel in terms of their motivation and approaches?

 Draft proposal due
W4 Tue 09/16 Virtual Machine
  1. Disco: Running Commodity Operating Systems on Scalable Multiprocessors, Bugnion, Devine, and Rosenblum, SOSP, 1997
  2. Xen and the Art of Virtualization, Barham, Dragovic, Fraser, Hand, Harris, Ho, Neugebauer, Pratt, and Warfield, SOSP, 2003
Additional Reading
Questions

Disco

  • Q: Compare and contrast Disco with Exokernel

Xen

  • Q: Microkernels and virtual machine monitors are two different ways to support the execution of multiple operating systems on modern hardware. How does the microkernel approach in L4 compare and contrast with the VMM approach in Xen?

 Lab 1 due
Thu 09/18 Project hack day
Fri 09/19
Finalized proposal due
W5 Tue 09/23 Virtual Machine
  1. A Comparison of Software and Hardware Techniques for x86 Virtualization, Adams and Agesen, ASPLOS, 2006
  2. The Turtles Project: Design and Implementation of Nested Virtualization, Ben-Yehuda, Day, Dubitzky, Factor, Har'El, Gordon, Liguori, Wasserman, Yassour, OSDI, 2010
Additional Reading
Questions

x86 virt comparison

  • Why a hardware VMM can be slower than a software VMM
Thu 09/25 Lightweight Virtualization
  1. My VM is Lighter (and Safer) than your Container, Manco, Lupu, Schmidt, Mendes, Kuenzer, Sati, Yasukata, Raiciu, and Huici, SOSP, 2017
  2. Dune: Safe User-level Access to Privileged CPU Features, Belay, Bittau, Mashtizadeh, Terei, Mazieres, and Kozyrakis, OSDI, 2012
Additional Reading
Questions

Dune

  • Q: Compare and contrast Dune with a VMM
W6 Tue 09/30 Memory Management
  1. Practical, transparent operating system support for superpages, Navarro, Iyer, Druschel, and Cox, OSDI, 2002
  2. Memory Resource Management in VMware ESX Server, Waldspurger, OSDI, 2002
Additional Reading
Thu 10/02 Scheduling
  1. Scheduler Activations: Effective Kernel Support for the User-level Management of Parallelism, Anderson, Bershad, Lazowska, and Levy, SOSP, 1991
  2. Lottery Scheduling: Flexible Proportional-Share Resource Management, Waldspurger and Weihl, OSDI, 1994
Additional Reading
Questions

Scheduler Activations

  • Q: The goal of scheduler activations is to have the benefits of both user and kernel threads without their limitations. What are the limitations of user and kernel threads, and what are the benefits that scheduler activations provide?

Lottery Scheduling

  • Q: At a high level, as a mechanism how does lottery scheduling provide modular resource management? Why can't the Unix scheduler provide a similar kind of management?
W7 Tue 10/07 File System
  1. The Design and Implementation of a Log-Structured File System, Rosenblum and Ousterhout, SOSP, 1991
  2. The Google File System, Ghemawat, Gobioff, and Leung, SOSP, 2003
Additional Reading
Questions

LFS

  • Q: Why does LFS combine threading and copying in free space management?
Thu 10/09 File System
  1. Soft Updates: A Solution to the Metadata Update Problem in File Systems, Ganger, K.McKusick, Soules, and Patt., ACM TOCS, 2000
  2. Rethink the sync, Nightingale, Veeraraghavan, Chen, and Flinn, OSDI, 2006
Additional Reading
Questions

Soft Updates

  • Q: What are the advantages and disadvantages of soft updates compared to write-ahead logging?
W8 Tue 10/14 Fall Break
Thu 10/16 Project hack day Checkpoint #1 report due
W9 Tue 10/21 Mid-semester Presentations
Thu 10/23 Distribution
  1. The Sprite Network Operating System, Ousterhout, Cerenson, Douglis, Nelson, and Welch, IEEE Computer, 1988
  2. LegoOS: A Disseminated, Distributed OS for Hardware Resource Disaggregation, Shan, Huang, Chen, and Zhang, OSDI, 2018
Additional Reading
Questions Sprite
  • Q: How does Sprite achieve transparency for its process migration?
W10 Tue 10/28 Serverless
  1. Firecracker: Lightweight Virtualization for Serverless Applications, Brooker, Florescu, Popa, Neugebauer, Agache, Iordache, Liguori, and Piwonka, NSDI, 2020
  2. No Provisioned Concurrency: Fast RDMA-codesigned Remote Fork for Serverless Computing, Wei, Lu, Wang, Gu, Yang, Chen, and Chen, OSDI, 2023
Additional Reading
Questions Firecracker
  • Q: What motivates the development of Firecracker, and how does the microVM differ from Linux container?
Thu 10/30 Kernel Bypass
  1. Arrakis: The Operating System is the Control Plane, Peter, Li, Zhang, Ports, Woos, Krishnamurthy, Anderson, and Roscoe, OSDI, 2014
  2. IX: A Protected Dataplane Operating System for High Throughput and Low Latency, Belay, Prekas, Klimovic, Grossman, Kozyrakis, and Bugnion, OSDI, 2014
Additional Reading
  • Snap: a Microkernel Approach to Host Networking, Marty, Kruijf, Adriaens, Alfeld, Bauer, Contavalli, Dalton, Dukkipati, Evans, Gribble, Kidd, Kononov, Kumar, Mauer, Musick, Olson, Rubow, Ryan, Springborn, Turner, Valancius, Wang, and Vahdat, SOSP, 2019
Questions

Arrakis

  • Q: How does Arrakis ensure isolation and security?
W11 Tue 11/04 Kernel Bypass
  1. Shenango: Achieving High CPU Efficiency for Latency-sensitive Datacenter Workloads, Ousterhout, Fried, Behrens, Belay, and Balakrishnan, NSDI, 2019
  2. Shinjuku: Preemptive Scheduling for μsecond-scale Tail Latency, Kaffes, Chong, Humphries, Belay, Mazières, and Kozyrakis, NSDI, 2019
Additional Reading
Questions

Shenango

  • Q: Compare and contrast Shenango with Shinjuku
Thu 11/06 Multi-core
  1. The Multikernel: A New OS Architecture for Scalable Multicore Systems, Baumann, Barham, Dagand, Harris, Isaacs, Peter, Roscoe, Schüpbach, and Singhania, SOSP, 2009
Additional Reading
Questions

Barrelfish

  • Q: Briefly compare and contrast multikernel with microkernel.
W12 Tue 11/11 Language
  1. RedLeaf: Isolation and Communication in a Safe Operating System, Narayanan, Huang, Detweiler, Appel, Li, Zellweger, and Burtsev, OSDI, 2020
Additional Reading
Questions

RedLeaf

  • Q: Compare and contrast RedLeaf with SPIN or Singularity.
Thu 11/13 Emerging Memory
  1. Pond: CXL-Based Memory Pooling Systems for Cloud Platforms, Li, Berger, Hsu, Ernst, Zardoshti, Novakovic, Shah, Rajadnya, Lee, Agarwal, Hill, Fontoura, and Bianchini, ASPLOS, 2023
  2. Managing Memory Tiers with CXL in Virtualized Environments, Zhong, Berger, Waldspurger, Wee, Agarwal, Agarwal, Hady, Kumar, Hill, Chowdhury, and Cidon, OSDI, 2024
Additional Reading
W13 Tue 11/18 Project hack day Checkpoint #2 report due
Thu 11/20 Reliability
  1. Bugs as Deviant Behavior: A General Approach to Inferring Errors in Systems Code, Engler, Chen, Hallem, Chou, and Chelf, SOSP, 2001
  2. Improving the Reliability of Commodity Operating Systems, Swift, Bershad, and Levy, SOSP, 2003
Additional Reading
Questions

Nooks

  • Q: How does XPC differ from syscall or RPC?
W14 Tue 11/25 Reliability
  1. seL4: Formal Verification of an OS Kernel, Klein, Elphinstone, Heiser, Andronick, Cock, Derrin, Elkaduwe, Engelhardt, Kolanski, Norrish, Sewell, Tuch, and Winwood, SOSP, 2009
  2. Using Crash Hoare Logic for Certifying the FSCQ File System, Chen, Ziegler, Chajed, Chlipala, Kaashoek, and Zeldovich, SOSP, 2015
Additional Reading
Thu 11/27 Thanksgiving break
W15 Tue 12/02 Security
  1. SCONE: Secure Linux Containers with Intel SGX, Arnautov, Trach, Gregor, Knauth, Martin, Priebe, Lind, Muthukumaran, O'Keeffe, Stillwell, Goltzsche, Eyers, Kapitza, Pietzuch, and Fetzer, OSDI, 2016
  2. Shielding Applications from an Untrusted Cloud with Haven, Baumann, Peinado, and Hunt, OSDI, 2014
Additional Reading
Thu 12/04 Final Presentation
W16 Thu 12/09 Final Report